Intervention Techniques - RODENTS

Physical

• Rat traps
• Glue boards
• Bait Stations
• Ultrasonic Repellants
• Flooding out

Chemical

• Single dose bait poisons (strychnine, Zinc Phosphide, Scilliroside Glycoside)
• Multiple dose bait poisons (Bromethalin, Fumarin, Warfarin, Valone, other anti-coagulants)

Biological

• Sarcocystis singaporensis, a parasite native to Southeast Asia, significantly increases mortality or rats
• Introduction of natural predators

Intervention Techniques - WEEVILS

Physical

• temperature extreme
• modified atmospheres
• diatomaceous earth (may be less effective for adult beetles with hard exoskeleton)
• Pheromone traps
• mechanical forces

Chemical

• Surface treatments. (powders, paints, surface sprays) Insecticides (pyrethroids, organophosphates, carbamates, etc.) - long residual effects
• Space treatment. (aerosols, fogs, fine mists) Insecticides (pyrethroids, organophosphates, carbametes, etc) - quick knockdown
• Fumigation. (lethal gasses) Highly poisonous gaseous substances (Hydrogen Phosphide, Hydrogen Cyanide, Methyl Bromide, Ethylene Oxide)

Biological

• B.t. - Bacillus thuringiensis
  

On Monitoring Pest Activity

Nature and extent of pest activity need to be determined first before any intervention strategy can be formulated; periodic monitoring of pest activity is required to gauge the effectivity of pest management programs

Weevils

• Live insect / larvae
• Weevils are capable of flight and is most active during the afternoon
• Powder tracks
• Webbing
• Insect fragments / exoskeletons

Rodents

• Sounds: Gnawing, scratching or squeking noises
• Gnaw marks: Monitor gnaw marks on wooden structures, electrical wires, wall insulations, cabinets and other storage areas.
• Burrows: Burrows are usually found near the foundations of buildings, beneath woodpiles and in moist areas in and around gardens and fields.
• Droppings. Rodent droppings and urinary pillars shall be monitored regularly.
• Body rub marks. Monitor body rub marks around entry sites and along runways.

Cockroaches

• Presence of charateristic odious smell
• Egg-capsules
• Cockroaches secrete a substance which can result in stains on surfacesthey contact
• Feces and casts skins
• Cockroach gnaw marks

Flies

• Physical presence (flying in significant quantity)
• Fly stain